Citation: | Shiyang Zhong, Yueying Liang, Shuai Wang, Hao Teng, Xinkui He, Zhiyi Wei. High harmonic generation and application for photoemission spectroscopy in condensed matter[J]. Materials Futures, 2022, 1(3): 032201. doi: 10.1088/2752-5724/ac740d |
[1] |
McPherson A, Gibson G, Jara H, Johann U, Luk T S, McIntyre I A, Boyer K, Rhodes C K 1987 Studies of multiphoton production of vacuum-ultraviolet radiation in the rare gases J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 4 595-601 doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.4.000595
|
[2] |
Ferray M, L’Huillier A, Li X F, Lompre L A, Mainfray G, Manus C 1988 Multiple-harmonic conversion of 1064 nm radiation in rare gases J. Phys. B 21 L31-L35 doi: 10.1088/0953-4075/21/3/001
|
[3] |
Krause J L, Schafer K J, Kulander K C 1992 High-order harmonic generation from atoms and ions in the high intensity regime Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 3535-8 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.68.3535
|
[4] |
Corkum P B 1993 Plasma perspective on strong field multiphoton ionization Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 1994-7 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.1994
|
[5] |
Lewenstein M, Balcou P, Ivanov M Y, L’Huillier A, Corkum P B 1994 Theory of high-harmonic generation by low-frequency laser fields Phys. Rev. A 49 2117-32 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.49.2117
|
[6] |
Farkas G, Tth C 1992 Proposal for attosecond light pulse generation using laser induced multiple-harmonic conversion processes in rare gases Phys. Lett. A 168 447-50 doi: 10.1016/0375-9601(92)90534-S
|
[7] |
Harris S E, Macklin J J, Hnsch T W 1993 Atomic scale temporal structure inherent to high-order harmonic generation Opt. Commun. 100 487-90 doi: 10.1016/0030-4018(93)90250-9
|
[8] |
Hentschel M, Kienberger R, Spielmann C, Reider G A, Milosevic N, Brabec T, Corkum P, Heinzmann U, Drescher M, Krausz F 2001 Attosecond metrology Nature 414 509-13 doi: 10.1038/35107000
|
[9] |
Paul P M, Toma E S, Breger P, Mullot G, Aug F, Balcou P, Muller H G, Agostini P 2001 Observation of a train of attosecond pulses from high harmonic generation Science 292 1689 doi: 10.1126/science.1059413
|
[10] |
Schultze M, et al 2010 Delay in photoemission Science 328 1658 doi: 10.1126/science.1189401
|
[11] |
Klnder K, et al 2011 Probing single-photon ionization on the attosecond time scale Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 143002 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.143002
|
[12] |
Isinger M, et al 2017 Photoionization in the time and frequency domain Science 358 893-6 doi: 10.1126/science.aao7043
|
[13] |
Nandi S, et al 2020 Attosecond timing of electron emission from a molecular shape resonance Sci. Adv. 6 eaba7762 doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aba7762
|
[14] |
Ahmadi H, et al 2022 Attosecond photoionisation time delays reveal the anisotropy of the molecular potential in the recoil frame Nat. Commun. 13 1242 doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28783-x
|
[15] |
Cavalieri A L, et al 2007 Attosecond spectroscopy in condensed matter Nature 449 1029-32 doi: 10.1038/nature06229
|
[16] |
Locher R, Castiglioni L, Lucchini M, Greif M, Gallmann L, Osterwalder J, Hengsberger M, Keller U 2015 Energy-dependent photoemission delays from noble metal surfaces by attosecond interferometry Optica 2 405-10 doi: 10.1364/OPTICA.2.000405
|
[17] |
Gruson V, et al 2016 Attosecond dynamics through a Fano resonance: Monitoring the birth of a photoelectron Science 354 734 doi: 10.1126/science.aah5188
|
[18] |
Cirelli C, et al 2018 Anisotropic photoemission time delays close to a Fano resonance Nat. Commun. 9 955 doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03009-1
|
[19] |
Drescher M, Hentschel M, Kienberger R, Uiberacker M, Yakovlev V, Scrinzi A, Westerwalbesloh T, Kleineberg U, Heinzmann U, Krausz F 2002 Time-resolved atomic inner-shell spectroscopy Nature 419 803-7 doi: 10.1038/nature01143
|
[20] |
Calegari F, et al 2014 Ultrafast electron dynamics in phenylalanine initiated by attosecond pulses Science 346 336 doi: 10.1126/science.1254061
|
[21] |
Burt M, et al 2017 Coulomb-explosion imaging of concurrent CH2 BrI photodissociation dynamics Phys. Rev. A 96 043415 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.96.043415
|
[22] |
Schultze M, et al 2013 Controlling dielectrics with the electric field of light Nature 493 75-78 doi: 10.1038/nature11720
|
[23] |
Ghimire S, DiChiara A D, Sistrunk E, Agostini P, DiMauro L F, Reis D A 2011 Observation of high-order harmonic generation in a bulk crystal Nat. Phys. 7 138-41 doi: 10.1038/nphys1847
|
[24] |
Vampa G, Hammond T J, Thir N, Schmidt B E, Lgar F, McDonald C R, Brabec T, Corkum P B 2015 Linking high harmonics from gases and solids Nature 522 462-4 doi: 10.1038/nature14517
|
[25] |
You Y S, Reis David D, Ghimire S 2016 Anisotropic high-harmonic generation in bulk crystals Nat. Phys. 13 345-9 doi: 10.1038/nphys3955
|
[26] |
Luu T T, Garg M, Kruchinin S Y, Moulet A, Hassan M T, Goulielmakis E 2015 Extreme ultraviolet high-harmonic spectroscopy of solids Nature 521 498-502 doi: 10.1038/nature14456
|
[27] |
Garg M, Kim H Y, Goulielmakis E 2018 Ultimate waveform reproducibility of extreme-ultraviolet pulses by high-harmonic generation in quartz Nat. Photon. 12 291-6 doi: 10.1038/s41566-018-0123-6
|
[28] |
Han S, Kim H, Kim Y W, Kim Y J, Kim S, Park I Y, Kim S W 2016 High-harmonic generation by field enhanced femtosecond pulses in metal-sapphire nanostructure Nat. Commun. 7 13105 doi: 10.1038/ncomms13105
|
[29] |
Bai Y, Fei F, Wang S, Li N, Li X, Song F, Li R, Xu Z, Liu P 2021 High-harmonic generation from topological surface states Nat. Phys. 17 311-5 doi: 10.1038/s41567-020-01052-8
|
[30] |
Lv Y-Y, et al 2021 High-harmonic generation in Weyl semimetal -WP2 crystals Nat. Commun. 12 6437 doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26766-y
|
[31] |
Schmid C P, et al 2021 Tunable non-integer high-harmonic generation in a topological insulator Nature 593 385-90 doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03466-7
|
[32] |
Yoshikawa N, Tamaya T, Tanaka K 2017 High-harmonic generation in graphene enhanced by elliptically polarized light excitation Science 356 736-8 doi: 10.1126/science.aam8861
|
[33] |
Hafez H A, et al 2018 Extremely efficient terahertz high-harmonic generation in graphene by hot Dirac fermions Nature 561 507-11 doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0508-1
|
[34] |
Ghimire S, Reis D A 2019 High-harmonic generation from solids Nat. Phys. 15 10-16 doi: 10.1038/s41567-018-0315-5
|
[35] |
Zhou X, He S, Liu G, Zhao L, Yu L, Zhang W 2018 New developments in laser-based photoemission spectroscopy and its scientific applications: a key issues review Rep. Prog. Phys. 81 062101 doi: 10.1088/1361-6633/aab0cc
|
[36] |
Lv B, Qian T, Ding H 2019 Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and its application to topological materials Nat. Rev. Phys. 1 609-26 doi: 10.1038/s42254-019-0088-5
|
[37] |
Shi X, Liao C-T, Tao Z, Cating-Subramanian E, Murnane M M, Hernndez-Garca C, Kapteyn H C 2020 Attosecond light science and its application for probing quantum materials J. Phys. B 53 184008 doi: 10.1088/1361-6455/aba2fb
|
[38] |
Itatani J, Qur F, Yudin G L, Ivanov M Y, Krausz F, Corkum P B 2002 Attosecond streak camera Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 173903 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.173903
|
[39] |
Muller H G 2002 Reconstruction of attosecond harmonic beating by interference of two-photon transitions Appl. Phys. B 74 s17-s21 doi: 10.1007/s00340-002-0894-8
|
[40] |
Faisal F H M, Kamiski J Z 1997 Floquet-Bloch theory of high-harmonic generation in periodic structures Phys. Rev. A 56 748-62 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.56.748
|
[41] |
von der Linde D, Engers T, Jenke G, Agostini P, Grillon G, Nibbering E, Mysyrowicz A, Antonetti A 1995 Generation of high-order harmonics from solid surfaces by intense femtosecond laser pulses Phys. Rev. A 52 R25-R27 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.R25
|
[42] |
Norreys P A, et al 1996 Efficient extreme UV harmonics generated from picosecond laser pulse interactions with solid targets Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 1832-5 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.1832
|
[43] |
Ghimire S, DiChiara A D, Sistrunk E, Ndabashimiye G, Szafruga U B, Mohammad A, Agostini P, DiMauro L F, Reis D A 2012 Generation and propagation of high-order harmonics in crystals Phys. Rev. A 85 043836 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.85.043836
|
[44] |
Golde D, Meier T, Koch S W 2008 High harmonics generated in semiconductor nanostructures by the coupled dynamics of optical inter- and intraband excitations Phys. Rev. B 77 075330 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.075330
|
[45] |
Vampa G, McDonald C R, Orlando G, Klug D D, Corkum P B, Brabec T 2014 Theoretical analysis of high-harmonic generation in solids Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 073901 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.073901
|
[46] |
Itatani J, Levesque J, Zeidler D, Niikura H, Ppin H, Kieffer J C, Corkum P B, Villeneuve D M 2004 Tomographic imaging of molecular orbitals Nature 432 867-71 doi: 10.1038/nature03183
|
[47] |
Shafir D, Soifer H, Bruner B D, Dagan M, Mairesse Y, Patchkovskii S, Ivanov M Y, Smirnova O, Dudovich N 2012 Resolving the time when an electron exits a tunnelling barrier Nature 485 343-6 doi: 10.1038/nature11025
|
[48] |
Yue L, Gaarde M B 2022 Introduction to theory of high-harmonic generation in solids: tutorial J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 39 535 doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.448602
|
[49] |
Ndabashimiye G, Ghimire S, Wu M, Browne D A, Schafer K J, Gaarde M B, Reis D A 2016 Solid-state harmonics beyond the atomic limit Nature 534 520-3 doi: 10.1038/nature17660
|
[50] |
Wu M, Ghimire S, Reis D A, Schafer K J, Gaarde M B 2015 High-harmonic generation from Bloch electrons in solids Phys. Rev. A 91 043839 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.91.043839
|
[51] |
Schubert O, et al 2014 Sub-cycle control of terahertz high-harmonic generation by dynamical Bloch oscillations Nat. Photon. 8 119-23 doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2013.349
|
[52] |
Wirth A, et al 2011 Synthesized light transients Science 334 195 doi: 10.1126/science.1210268
|
[53] |
Hassan M T, Wirth A, Grgura I, Moulet A, Luu T T, Gagnon J, Pervak V, Goulielmakis E 2012 Attosecond photonics: synthesis and control of light transients Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83 111301 doi: 10.1063/1.4758310
|
[54] |
Rossi G M, et al 2020 Sub-cycle millijoule-level parametric waveform synthesizer for attosecond science Nat. Photon. 14 629-35 doi: 10.1038/s41566-020-0659-0
|
[55] |
Mikhailov S A, Ziegler K 2008 Nonlinear electromagnetic response of graphene: frequency multiplication and the self-consistent-field effects J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 20 384204 doi: 10.1088/0953-8984/20/38/384204
|
[56] |
Ishikawa K L 2010 Nonlinear optical response of graphene in time domain Phys. Rev. B 82 201402 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.201402
|
[57] |
Mikhailov S A 2009 Non-linear graphene optics for terahertz applications Microelectron. J. 40 712-5 doi: 10.1016/j.mejo.2008.11.042
|
[58] |
Tamaya T, Ishikawa A, Ogawa T, Tanaka K 2016 Diabatic mechanisms of higher-order harmonic generation in solid-state materials under high-intensity electric fields Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 016601 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.016601
|
[59] |
Bauer D, Hansen K K 2018 High-harmonic generation in solids with and without topological edge states Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 177401 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.177401
|
[60] |
Silva R E F, Jimnez-Galn , Amorim B, Smirnova O, Ivanov M 2019 Topological strong-field physics on sub-laser-cycle timescale Nat. Photon. 13 849-54 doi: 10.1038/s41566-019-0516-1
|
[61] |
Liu H, Li Y, You Y S, Ghimire S, Heinz T F, Reis D A 2017 High-harmonic generation from an atomically thin semiconductor Nat. Phys. 13 262-5 doi: 10.1038/nphys3946
|
[62] |
Luu T T, Wrner H J 2018 Measurement of the Berry curvature of solids using high-harmonic spectroscopy Nat. Commun. 9 916 doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03397-4
|
[63] |
Damascelli A, Hussain Z, Shen Z-X 2003 Angle-resolved photoemission studies of the cuprate superconductors Rev. Mod. Phys. 75 473-541 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.473
|
[64] |
Lanin A A, Stepanov E A, Fedotov A B, Zheltikov A M 2017 Mapping the electron band structure by intraband high-harmonic generation in solids Optica 4 516-9 doi: 10.1364/OPTICA.4.000516
|
[65] |
Lakhotia H, Kim H Y, Zhan M, Hu S, Meng S, Goulielmakis E 2020 Laser picoscopy of valence electrons in solids Nature 583 55-59 doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2429-z
|
[66] |
Crepaldi A, et al 2017 Time-resolved ARPES at LACUS: band structure and ultrafast electron dynamics of solids Chimia 71 273-7 doi: 10.2533/chimia.2017.273
|
[67] |
Smith N V, Traum M M 1973 Angular dependence of photoemission from the (110) face of GaAs Phys. Rev. Lett. 31 1247-50 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.31.1247
|
[68] |
Smith N V, Traum M M, Di Salvo F J 1974 Mapping energy bands in layer compounds from the angular dependence of ultraviolet photoemission Solid State Commun. 15 211-4 doi: 10.1016/0038-1098(74)90743-1
|
[69] |
Wells B O, Shen Z X, Dessau D S, Spicer W E, Mitzi D B, Lombardo L, Kapitulnik A, Arko A J 1992 Evidence for k-dependent, in-plane anisotropy of the superconducting gap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+ Phys. Rev. B 46 11830-4 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.11830
|
[70] |
Wells B O, Shen Z, Matsuura A, King D M, Kastner M A, Greven M, Birgeneau R J 1995 E versus k relations and many body effects in the model insulating copper oxide Sr2CuO2Cl2 Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 964-7 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.964
|
[71] |
Ding H, Yokoya T, Campuzano J C, Takahashi T, Randeria M, Norman M R, Mochiku T, Kadowaki K, Giapintzakis J 1996 Spectroscopic evidence for a pseudogap in the normal state of underdoped high-Tc superconductors Nature 382 51-54 doi: 10.1038/382051a0
|
[72] |
Mrtensson N, Baltzer P, Brhwiler P A, Forsell J-O, Nilsson A, Stenborg A, Wannberg B 1994 A very high resolution electron spectrometer J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 70 117-28 doi: 10.1016/0368-2048(94)02224-N
|
[73] |
Berntsen M H, Gtberg O, Tjernberg O 2011 An experimental setup for high resolution 10.5 eV laser-based angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy using a time-of-flight electron analyzer Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82 095113 doi: 10.1063/1.3637464
|
[74] |
Koralek J D, Douglas J F, Plumb N C, Griffith J D, Cundiff S T, Kapteyn H C, Murnane M M, Dessau D S 2007 Experimental setup for low-energy laser-based angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78 053905 doi: 10.1063/1.2722413
|
[75] |
Liu G, et al 2008 Development of a vacuum ultraviolet laser-based angle-resolved photoemission system with a superhigh energy resolution better than 1 meV Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79 023105 doi: 10.1063/1.2835901
|
[76] |
Mathias S, Miaja-Avila L, Murnane M M, Kapteyn H, Aeschlimann M, Bauer M 2007 Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a femtosecond high harmonic light source using a two-dimensional imaging electron analyzer Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78 083105 doi: 10.1063/1.2773783
|
[77] |
Hdrich S, Krebs M, Rothhardt J, Carstens H, Demmler S, Limpert J, Tnnermann A 2011 Generation of W level plateau harmonics at high repetition rate Opt. Express 19 19374-83 doi: 10.1364/OE.19.019374
|
[78] |
Vernaleken A, et al 2011 Single-pass high-harmonic generation at 20.8 MHz repetition rate Opt. Lett. 36 3428-30 doi: 10.1364/OL.36.003428
|
[79] |
Russbueldt P, Mans T, Rotarius G, Weitenberg J, Hoffmann H D, Poprawe R 2009 400 W Yb:YAG Innoslab fs-amplifier Opt. Express 17 12230-45 doi: 10.1364/OE.17.012230
|
[80] |
Eidam T, Hanf S, Seise E, Andersen T V, Gabler T, Wirth C, Schreiber T, Limpert J, Tnnermann A 2010 Femtosecond fiber CPA system emitting 830 W average output power Opt. Lett. 35 94-96 doi: 10.1364/OL.35.000094
|
[81] |
Saraceno C J, et al 2013 Cutting-edge high-power ultrafast thin disk oscillators Appl. Sci. 3 355-95 doi: 10.3390/app3020355
|
[82] |
Rothhardt J, Krebs M, Hdrich S, Demmler S, Limpert J, Tnnermann A 2014 Absorption-limited and phase-matched high harmonic generation in the tight focusing regime New J. Phys. 16 033022 doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/16/3/033022
|
[83] |
Heyl C M, et al 2016 Scale-invariant nonlinear optics in gases Optica 3 75-81 doi: 10.1364/OPTICA.3.000075
|
[84] |
Shiner A D, Trallero-Herrero C, Kajumba N, Bandulet H-C, Comtois D, Lgar F, Gigure M, Kieffer J-C, Corkum P B, Villeneuve D M 2009 Wavelength scaling of high harmonic generation efficiency Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 073902 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.073902
|
[85] |
Cirmi G, Lai C-J, Huang S-W, Granados E, Sell A, Moses J, Hong K-H, Keathley P, Krtner F X 2013 Tunable high harmonic generation driven by a visible optical parametric amplifier EPJ Web Conf. 41 01002 doi: 10.1051/epjconf/20134101002
|
[86] |
Wang H, Xu Y, Ulonska S, Robinson J S, Ranitovic P, Kaindl R A 2015 Bright high-repetition-rate source of narrowband extreme-ultraviolet harmonics beyond 22 eV Nat. Commun. 6 7459 doi: 10.1038/ncomms8459
|
[87] |
Comby A, Descamps D, Beauvarlet S, Gonzalez A, Guichard F, Petit S, Zaouter Y, Mairesse Y 2019 Cascaded harmonic generation from a fiber laser: a milliwatt XUV source Opt. Express 27 20383-96 doi: 10.1364/OE.27.020383
|
[88] |
Klas R, Kirsche A, Gebhardt M, Buldt J, Stark H, Hdrich S, Rothhardt J, Limpert J 2021 Ultra-short-pulse high-average-power megahertz-repetition-rate coherent extreme-ultraviolet light source PhotoniX 2 4 doi: 10.1186/s43074-021-00028-y
|
[89] |
Buss J H, et al 2019 A setup for extreme-ultraviolet ultrafast angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy at 50-kHz repetition rate Rev. Sci. Instrum. 90 023105 doi: 10.1063/1.5079677
|
[90] |
Liu Y, et al 2020 Extreme ultraviolet time- and angle-resolved photoemission setup with 21.5 meV resolution using high-order harmonic generation from a turn-key Yb:KGW amplifier Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91 013102 doi: 10.1063/1.5121425
|
[91] |
Mills A K, Hammond T J, Lam M H C, Jones D J 2012 XUV frequency combs via femtosecond enhancement cavities J. Phys. B 45 142001 doi: 10.1088/0953-4075/45/14/142001
|
[92] |
Porat G, Heyl C M, Schoun S B, Benko C, Drre N, Corwin K L, Ye J 2018 Phase-matched extreme-ultraviolet frequency-comb generation Nat. Photon. 12 387-91 doi: 10.1038/s41566-018-0199-z
|
[93] |
Mills A K, et al 2019 Cavity-enhanced high harmonic generation for extreme ultraviolet time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy Rev. Sci. Instrum. 90 083001 doi: 10.1063/1.5090507
|
[94] |
Okazaki K, et al 2018 Antiphase Fermi-surface modulations accompanying displacement excitation in a parent compound of iron-based superconductors Phys. Rev. B 97 121107 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.97.121107
|
[95] |
Suzuki T, et al 2019 Photoinduced possible superconducting state with long-lived disproportionate band filling in FeSe Commun. Phys. 2 115 doi: 10.1038/s42005-019-0219-4
|
[96] |
Maklar J, et al 2021 Nonequilibrium charge-density-wave order beyond the thermal limit Nat. Commun. 12 2499 doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22778-w
|
[97] |
Maklar J, et al 2022 Coherent modulation of quasiparticle scattering rates in a photoexcited charge-density-wave system Phys. Rev. Lett. 128 026406 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.026406
|
[98] |
Tengdin P, et al 2018 Critical behavior within 20 fs drives the out-of-equilibrium laser-induced magnetic phase transition in nickel Sci. Adv. 4 eaap9744 doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aap9744
|
[99] |
Wigner E P 1955 Lower limit for the energy derivative of the scattering phase shift Phys. Rev. 98 145-7 doi: 10.1103/PhysRev.98.145
|
[100] |
Argenti L, Jimnez-Galn , Caillat J, Taeb R, Maquet A, Martn F 2017 Control of photoemission delay in resonant two-photon transitions Phys. Rev. A 95 043426 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.95.043426
|
[101] |
Alexandridi C, et al 2021 Attosecond photoionization dynamics in the vicinity of the Cooper minima in argon Phys. Rev. Res. 3 L012012 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.L012012
|
[102] |
Kotur M, et al 2016 Spectral phase measurement of a Fano resonance using tunable attosecond pulses Nat. Commun. 7 10566 doi: 10.1038/ncomms10566
|
[103] |
Zhong S, et al 2020 Attosecond electron-spin dynamics in Xe 4d photoionization Nat. Commun. 11 5042 doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18847-1
|
[104] |
Dahlstrm J M, Gunot D, Klnder K, Gisselbrecht M, Mauritsson J, L’Huillier A, Maquet A, Taeb R 2013 Theory of attosecond delays in laser-assisted photoionization Chem. Phys. 414 53-64 doi: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.01.017
|
[105] |
Neppl S, Ernstorfer R, Bothschafter E M, Cavalieri A L, Menzel D, Barth J V, Krausz F, Kienberger R, Feulner P 2012 Attosecond time-resolved photoemission from core and valence states of magnesium Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 087401 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.087401
|
[106] |
Neppl S, et al 2015 Direct observation of electron propagation and dielectric screening on the atomic length scale Nature 517 342-6 doi: 10.1038/nature14094
|
[107] |
Siek F, et al 2017 Angular momentum-induced delays in solid-state photoemission enhanced by intra-atomic interactions Science 357 1274-7 doi: 10.1126/science.aam9598
|
[108] |
Li J, et al 2017 53-attosecond x-ray pulses reach the carbon K-edge Nat. Commun. 8 186 doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00321-0
|
[109] |
Faldon M E, Hutchinson M H R, Marangos J P, Muffett J E, Smith R A, Tisch J W G, Wahlstrom C G 1992 Studies of time-resolved harmonic generation in intense laser fields in xenon J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9 2094-9 doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.9.002094
|
[110] |
Lucarelli G D, Moio B, Inzani G, Fabris N, Moscardi L, Frassetto F, Poletto L, Nisoli M, Lucchini M 2020 Novel beamline for attosecond transient reflection spectroscopy in a sequential two-foci geometry Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91 053002 doi: 10.1063/5.0005932
|
[111] |
Lucchini M, et al 2021 Unravelling the intertwined atomic and bulk nature of localised excitons by attosecond spectroscopy Nat. Commun. 12 1021 doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21345-7
|
[112] |
Heuser S, et al 2016 Angular dependence of photoemission time delay in helium Phys. Rev. A 94 063409 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.063409
|
[113] |
Tao Z, Chen C, Szilvsi T, Keller M, Mavrikakis M, Kapteyn H, Murnane M 2016 Direct time-domain observation of attosecond final-state lifetimes in photoemission from solids Science 353 62-67 doi: 10.1126/science.aaf6793
|
[114] |
Chen C, et al 2017 Distinguishing attosecond electron-electron scattering and screening in transition metals Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 114 E5300-7 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1706466114
|
[115] |
Knenkamp R, Word R C, Rempfer G F, Dixon T, Almaraz L, Jones T 2010 5.4 nm spatial resolution in biological photoemission electron microscopy Ultramicroscopy 110 899-902 doi: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2010.04.005
|
[116] |
Huber B, et al 2019 Space- and time-resolved UV-to-NIR surface spectroscopy and 2D nanoscopy at 1 MHz repetition rate Rev. Sci. Instrum. 90 113103 doi: 10.1063/1.5115322
|
[117] |
Schmidt O, Bauer M, Wiemann C, Porath R, Scharte M, Andreyev O, Schnhense G, Aeschlimann M 2002 Time-resolved two photon photoemission electron microscopy Appl. Phys. B 74 223-7 doi: 10.1007/s003400200803
|
[118] |
Kubo A, Onda K, Petek H, Sun Z, Jung Y S, Kim H K 2005 Femtosecond imaging of surface plasmon dynamics in a nanostructured silver film Nano Lett. 5 1123-7 doi: 10.1021/nl0506655
|
[119] |
Spektor G, et al 2017 Revealing the subfemtosecond dynamics of orbital angular momentum in nanoplasmonic vortices Science 355 1187-91 doi: 10.1126/science.aaj1699
|
[120] |
Fukumoto K, Onda K, Yamada Y, Matsuki T, Mukuta T, Tanaka S I, Koshihara S Y 2014 Femtosecond time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy for spatiotemporal imaging of photogenerated carrier dynamics in semiconductors Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85 083705 doi: 10.1063/1.4893484
|
[121] |
Man M K L, et al 2017 Imaging the motion of electrons across semiconductor heterojunctions Nat. Nanotechnol. 12 36-40 doi: 10.1038/nnano.2016.183
|
[122] |
Wong E L, Winchester A J, Pareek V, Mado J, Man M K L, Dani K M 2018 Pulling apart photoexcited electrons by photoinducing an in-plane surface electric field Sci. Adv. 4 eaat9722 doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat9722
|
[123] |
Wang L, Xu C, Li M-Y, Li L-J, Loh Z-H 2018 Unraveling spatially heterogeneous ultrafast carrier dynamics of single-layer WSe2 by femtosecond time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy Nano Lett. 18 5172-8 doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02103
|
[124] |
Stockman M I, Kling M F, Kleineberg U, Krausz F 2007 Attosecond nanoplasmonic-field microscope Nat. Photon. 1 539-44 doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2007.169
|
[125] |
Oelsner A, Schmidt O, Schicketanz M, Klais M, Schnhense G, Mergel V, Jagutzki O, Schmidt-Bcking H 2001 Microspectroscopy and imaging using a delay line detector in time-of-flight photoemission microscopy Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 3968-74 doi: 10.1063/1.1405781
|
[126] |
Tusche C, Chen Y-J, Schneider C M, Kirschner J 2019 Imaging properties of hemispherical electrostatic energy analyzers for high resolution momentum microscopy Ultramicroscopy 206 112815 doi: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2019.112815
|
[127] |
Zheng W, Jiang P, Zhang L, Wang Y, Sun Q, Liu Y, Gong Q, Wu C 2021 Ultrafast extreme ultraviolet photoemission electron microscope Rev. Sci. Instrum. 92 043709 doi: 10.1063/5.0047076
|
[128] |
Mikkelsen A, et al 2009 Photoemission electron microscopy using extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulse trains Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80 123703 doi: 10.1063/1.3263759
|
[129] |
Chew S H, et al 2012 Time-of-flight-photoelectron emission microscopy on plasmonic structures using attosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 051904 doi: 10.1063/1.3670324
|
[130] |
Harth A, et al 2017 Compact 200 kHz HHG source driven by a few-cycle OPCPA J. Opt. 20 014007 doi: 10.1088/2040-8986/aa9b04
|
[131] |
Chew S H, et al 2014 Imaging localized surface plasmons by femtosecond to attosecond time-resolved photoelectron emission microscopyATTO-PEEM Attosecond NanophysicsedP Hommelhoff, M F Kling 2014 Hoboken, NJWiley 325-64 doi: 10.1002/9783527665624.ch10
|
[132] |
Khn S, et al 2017 The ELI-ALPS facility: the next generation of attosecond sources J. Phys. B 50 132002 doi: 10.1088/1361-6455/aa6ee8
|
[133] |
Teng H, He X-K, Zhao K, Wei Z-Y 2018 Attosecond laser station Chin. Phys. B 27 074203 doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/27/7/074203
|
[134] |
Hellmann S, et al 2012 Time-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at FLASH New J. Phys. 14 013062 doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/14/1/013062
|