Properties and processing technologies of high-entropy alloys

doi: 10.1088/2752-5724/ac5e0c

Xuehui Yan^{1, 2},
Yu Zou²,
Yong Zhang^1
,

1.
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People’s Republic of China
2.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: drzhangy@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

Abstract: High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are emerging materials that are developed based on entropy, and draw significant attention for the potential to design their chemical disorder to bring out different structural and physical characteristics. Over the past two decades, significant salient efforts have been conducted to explore many unique and useful properties of HEAs, such as overcoming the strength-ductility trade-off, outstanding thermal stability, and excellent low temperature plasticity. Here, we review the key research topic of HEAs in the following three aspects: (a) performance advantages and composition design, (b) performance-driven HEAs and (c) fabrication process-driven HEAs. Towards their industrial applications, our article reviews a large range of methods to synthesise, fabricate and process HEAs. We also discuss the current challenges and future opportunities, mainly focusing on performance breakthroughs in HEAs.
- high-entropy alloys /
- review /
- order and disorder /
- properties /
- processing
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Figure 1. Classification and general preparation methods of HEAs with different dimensions.

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Figure 2. The advantages and mechanisms of HEAs. Reproduced and adapted with permission from [36]. Copyright 2020 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Figure 3. Statistics of research frequency and component number of different HEA systems based on Python language.

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Figure 4. Schematic diagram of trilogy of composition design for HEAs’.

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Figure 5. Map of yield strength versus tensile strain of reported HEAs with different structure at room temperature (AM: amorphous materials). Reproduced and adapted with permission from [31]. Copyright 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Chinese Society for Metals.

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Figure 6. General relationship between strength and atomic radius difference () for HEAs, intermetallic and amorphous [5, 13, 31, 40, 53, 56-69].

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Figure 7. Pre- and post-annealing microstructures of the W and HEA films. Reproduced and adapted with permission from [33]. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by CC BY 4.0.

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Figure 8. Temperature dependence of the compressive yield strength of superalloys, reported HEAs, and low activation alloys. Reproduced and adapted with permission from [14]. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by CC BY 4.0.

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Figure 9. Macroscopic views and mechanical properties of the Al_0.3CoCrFeNi fibers. (a) Macroscopic views of Al_0.3CoCrFeNi fibers. Fiber diameters range from 1.00 to 3.15 mm. (b) Engineering stress-strain curves with different diameters at room temperature, respectively. (c) Engineering stress-strain curves at 77 K. Reproduced and adapted with permission from [19]. Copyright 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Figure 10. Micrograph of eutectic HEAs. (a) An LSCM image showing the eutectic microstructure of the AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 alloy. (b) The lamellar dual-phase structure seen under SEM. (c) The enlarged view showing the precipitates in one phase. Reproduced and adapted with permission from [72]. © The Author(s) 2014. Published by CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

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Figure 11. Schematic diagram of electrodeposition synthesis of HEA and its thermal stability. Reproduced and adapted with permission from [77]. Copyright 2021 Elsevier.

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